The Rationalist Society of Australia (RSA) has been influential in its involvement in the educational, economic, religious and political debates in Australian society. The Rationalist Library was founded in 1909 by the first Secretary of the Victorian Rationalist Association (VRA), Edward Martineau Higginson, to support its campaigns and promote public debate.
Victoria University Library accepted the Rationalist Library as one of its research collections, and this collection of books, journals and pamphlets is now called the Rationalist Collection.